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As climate changes, how do Earth's frozen areas affect our planet and impact society?

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This map shows sea ice age for the week of June 25 to July 1, 2023.
Analysis - Sea Ice Today

The longest day of summer has come and gone, and summer melt is in full swing, with the pace of ice loss overall about average for this time of year. Arctic sea ice extent for June was not exceptionally low compared to other recent years.

This image of a wooden engraving depicts the USS Jeannette as it leaves San Francisco in 1879, en route to the North Pole. Credit: US Naval History and Heritage Command Photograph
Feature Story
In July 1879, the USS Jeannette left port in San Francisco en route to the North Pole. What lay at the top of the world was still shrouded in mystery. Was it a warm inland sea, a sheet of ice, or open ocean? The crew set out to find out. The majority of the crew of the USS Jeannette perished during the journey, but their memory lives on through the invaluable scientific information that they laboriously collected and returned to civilization.
Figure 3. Surface mass balance graph of Greenland, Sept 1 2022 - June 20 2023
Analysis - Ice Sheets Today
The melt season for the Greenland Ice Sheet has been near-average so far, with cool conditions in northern Greenland despite warm weather in nearby Arctic Canada. A small region of the ice sheet may not be properly mapped as it shows a higher number of melt days than is likely considering the observed weather for that area.
Jesslyn Di Fiori and Devon Dunmire record snow density measurements at Creamer’s Field
Spotlight
In March 2023, NSIDC's Alan Bourgeois and Jesslyn Di Fiori headed to Fairbanks, Alaska, for the NASA SnowEx 2023 field campaign, or as they described it, “a crash course in snow science.” Their participation in this campaign provided a unique experience to participate in the creation of data.
Summer in the sierra nevada
Analysis - Snow Today
Despite a record-breaking snowpack this winter, in May 2023 snow-covered area for the western United States was only 106 precent of average, ranking eighth in the 23-year-satellite record.
Antarctic sea ice extent for May 2023 was 8.36 million square kilometers (3.23 million square miles).
Analysis - Sea Ice Today

The seasonal decline in Arctic sea ice extent was moderate through much of May before picking up pace over the last few days of the month.